首先明確一點:考什麽、怎麽考。雖然各大名校自(zì)主出題,但命(mìng)題思路是相似的。現以(yǐ)北京外國語大學的高考保送生(shēng)口語真題為例。
英語口語考試共分為4項:
1.考生朗讀英語(yǔ)短文(wén),考查考生在朗(lǎng)讀中的語音、語調是否標準、自然
2.考官(guān)就該短文內容進行提問(wèn),考生回答問題時不能參(cān)看原文
3.考生就指定話題進行長度不少於10句話的英語(yǔ)口頭作文;時間為1分鍾(一般為描述式話題)
4.考生就指定的題進行英語口頭陳述;時間為3分鍾(一般為思辨式話題)
其次要學會(huì)如何在短短的09秋(qiū)季(jì)備考。現以去年一道北京外國語大學的真題為例(lì)。
朗讀下列(liè)短文:
Once upon a time there was a cruise ship sailing along the coast of the Pacific Ocean. On board the ship, there was a magician, who was traveling with a parrot, his companion. The magician made his living by giving performances to the passengers on the ship.
One day, the magician was giving a show to some passengers. The parrot always stood on the magician’s shoulder when he gave a show. Whenever the magician told a joke, the parrot would give it away. One time the magician had a knife, he spun it around and the knife disappeared! The parrot said “It’s in his pocket, it’s in his pocket”. The crowd booed him because the parrot gave it away. The next trick he did, he waved a magic stick around and it vanished. Again, the parrot said “It’s up his sleeve! It’s up his sleeve!” The magician got mad because he couldn’t keep any of his tricks secret. The parrot kept giving them away.
One day the cruise ship sank. The magician and the parrot managed to swim to an island where they stayed for about 3 months when the parrot all of a sudden burst out and asked:“Ok. I give up! Where did you hide the ship?”
此題考察的是考生的語音語調是否標準、自然。而這(zhè)道考題的真正考點有三:
一,生詞。想必隻有極少數高中生會正確地讀出粗體的“cruise”、“magician”這樣的詞匯。保送生考試畢(bì)竟是擇優考試,需要考生不僅(jǐn)僅滿足於3500個(gè)高考必考詞匯,還要記(jì)住(zhù)保送生考試範圍規定的生詞(cí)。但(dàn)這些生詞從何而來?就是曆年的真題和考試大綱。
二,懂(dǒng)得語音規則。連讀和失去爆破是複習的重點,但(dàn)更重要的是弱讀。下劃線上的三處:“It’s in his pocket, it’s in his pocket”、“It’s up his sleeve! It’s up his sleeve”、“made his”中,“his”一詞的讀法不是(shì)【hIz】,而變成了【Iz】,這樣就使得(dé)整個句子的發音發生了根本性的改變。
三,正確區分英音、美(měi)音(yīn)。題中斜體“asked”一詞,英國人與美國人發音迥然不(bú)同,英音為【a:skt】,美音為【?skt】。因此,兩者若不能正確區分,會讓考(kǎo)官對該考生產生水平(píng)不高的印象,直接對分數造(zào)成致命的影響。
因此在第一題上,如果連讀(dú)、失去(qù)爆(bào)破、弱讀沒有學好,考官會(huì)認為(wéi)該考(kǎo)生功底不紮實;若沒能正確區分(fèn)英音、美音,則會被認(rèn)為水平不高。
再舉一例(lì):去年北京(jīng)外國語大學的一道真題:
考生就指定的話題進行長度不少於10句話的英語口頭作文:
“Which of your teachers do you like most? Why?”
針對這道題,考察的其實的隻有2點:
1 口語是否(fǒu)有(yǒu)邏輯性
2 口語是否用合適的(de)詞語表達真實的感受
很多考生麵對這道題隻會(huì)一邊(biān)想一邊說,其結果為(wéi)邏輯混亂、結結巴巴。需要要(yào)明確的是,描述(shù)一個人自然是由表及裏、先說外表再說性格(gé)的結構。同時,很多考生的口語表(biǎo)達方式十分匱乏。比如頭發,隻會說“long hair”、“short hair”,而知道中等長短“medium-length”的(de)則少之(zhī)又少。因此,學會(huì)答題的正確思路和準確、豐富的表達方式(shì)對考試是十分必要的。